| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 81, 1169-1172, Copyright © 1996 by Endocrine Society
ARTICLES |
AS Bates, W Van't Hoff, PJ Jones and RN Clayton
Department of Medicine, School of Post Graduate Medicine, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
One hundred and seventy-two patients with partial or complete hypopituitarism diagnosed between 1967 and 1994 were studied retrospectively. Those with acromegaly or Cushing's disease were excluded. One hundred and two patients were male (median age at, diagnosis, 53 yr; range, 12-78 yr) and 70 female (median age at diagnosis, 51 yr; range, 1-74 yr). In 131 patients the cause of hypopituitarism was a pituitary tumor or the effects of its treatment, as the majority underwent surgery and/or radiotherapy. In 22, the cause was an extrapituitary tumor, 14 were termed idiopathic, 2 developed hypopituitarism as a result of basal sarcoid, 2 were due to trauma, and 1 was the result of Sheehan's syndrome. The patients were treated with standard replacement therapy. Mortality due to all causes was higher than expected in an age- and sex-matched control population (ratio of observed/expected deaths, 1.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-2.28; P < 0.01). Females tended to have a worse prognosis (ratio of observed/expected deaths, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-3.58; P < 0.01) than their male counterparts (ratio of observed/expected deaths, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.13; P < 0.01). There was a small but nonsignificant increase in the number of deaths due to vascular disease (ratio of observed/expected deaths, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-2.07; P = 0.11). The only significant independent predictive factors for survival were age at diagnosis and hypogonadism. The majority of the male hypogonadal cohort received replacement therapy (79%), but fewer of the females did so (27%). Hypogonadal patients had a better prognosis than their eugonadal counterparts (log rank, 6.85; P < 0.01). Our data confirmed that mortality in patients with hypopituitarism is significantly increased. However, the contribution of vascular disease to this poor prognosis was not as great as previously reported, and overall, our results favor a multifactorial explanation of the poor long term outcome.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. Colao, C. Di Somma, S. Spiezia, S. Savastano, F. Rota, M. C. Savanelli, and G. Lombardi Growth Hormone Treatment on Atherosclerosis: Results of a 5-Year Open, Prospective, Controlled Study in Male Patients with Severe Growth Hormone Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2008; 93(9): 3416 - 3424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Utz, A. Yamamoto, L. Hemphill, and K. K. Miller Growth Hormone Deficiency by Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone-Arginine Testing Criteria Predicts Increased Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Normal Young Overweight and Obese Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2008; 93(7): 2507 - 2514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Beauregard, A. L. Utz, A. E. Schaub, L. Nachtigall, B. M. K. Biller, K. K. Miller, and A. Klibanski Growth Hormone Decreases Visceral Fat and Improves Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Women with Hypopituitarism: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2008; 93(6): 2063 - 2071. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Sen, M. Demirturk, N. Abaci, E. Golcuk, H. Oflaz, A. Elitok, F. Kutluturk, H. Issever, N. E. Unaltuna, and N. C. Ozbey Endothelial nitric oxide synthase intron 4a/b polymorphism and early atherosclerotic changes in hypopituitary GH-deficient adult patients Eur. J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2008; 158(5): 615 - 622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. R Walker Glucocorticoids and Cardiovascular Disease Eur. J. Endocrinol., November 1, 2007; 157(5): 545 - 559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Stochholm, C. H. Gravholt, T. Laursen, P. Laurberg, M. Andersen, L. O. Kristensen, U. Feldt-Rasmussen, J. S. Christiansen, M. Frydenberg, and A. Green Mortality and GH deficiency: a nationwide study Eur. J. Endocrinol., July 1, 2007; 157(1): 9 - 18. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D Deepak, N J Furlong, J P H Wilding, and I A MacFarlane Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disease Postgrad. Med. J., April 1, 2007; 83(978): 277 - 280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Le Corvoisier, L. Hittinger, P. Chanson, O. Montagne, I. Macquin-Mavier, and P. Maison Cardiac Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2007; 92(1): 180 - 185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Ferrante, M. Ferraroni, T. Castrignano, L. Menicatti, M. Anagni, G. Reimondo, P. Del Monte, D. Bernasconi, P. Loli, M. Faustini-Fustini, et al. Non-functioning pituitary adenoma database: a useful resource to improve the clinical management of pituitary tumors Eur. J. Endocrinol., December 1, 2006; 155(6): 823 - 829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. M. Shores, A. M. Matsumoto, K. L. Sloan, and D. R. Kivlahan Low Serum Testosterone and Mortality in Male Veterans. Arch Intern Med, August 14, 2006; 166(15): 1660 - 1665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Abs, U. Feldt-Rasmussen, A. F Mattsson, J. P Monson, B.-A. Bengtsson, M. I Goth, P. Wilton, and M. Koltowska-Haggstrom Determinants of cardiovascular risk in 2589 hypopituitary GH-deficient adults - a KIMS database analysis. Eur. J. Endocrinol., July 1, 2006; 155(1): 79 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Menezes Oliveira, C. Marques-Santos, J. A. Barreto-Filho, R. Ximenes Filho, A. V. de Oliveira Britto, A. H. Oliveira Souza, C. M. Prado, C. R. Pereira Oliveira, R. M. C. Pereira, T. de Almeida Ribeiro Vicente, et al. Lack of Evidence of Premature Atherosclerosis in Untreated Severe Isolated Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency due to a GH-Releasing Hormone Receptor Mutation J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2006; 91(6): 2093 - 2099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, S. Spiezia, F. Rota, R. Pivonello, S. Savastano, and G. Lombardi The Natural History of Partial Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults: A Prospective Study on the Cardiovascular Risk and Atherosclerosis J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2006; 91(6): 2191 - 2200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Molitch, D. R. Clemmons, S. Malozowski, G. R. Merriam, S. M. Shalet, M. L. Vance, and for The Endocrine Society's Clinical Guidelines Su Evaluation and Treatment of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2006; 91(5): 1621 - 1634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V K B Prabhakar and S M Shalet Aetiology, diagnosis, and management of hypopituitarism in adult life. Postgrad. Med. J., April 1, 2006; 82(966): 259 - 266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hertoghe and S. Schuder Growth Hormone for "Antiaging" JAMA, February 22, 2006; 295(8): 888 - 888. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J Ayuk and M C Sheppard Growth hormone and its disorders Postgrad. Med. J., January 1, 2006; 82(963): 24 - 30. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. P. Johnsen, H. H. Hundborg, H. T. Sorensen, H. Orskov, A. Tjonneland, K. Overvad, and J. O. L. Jorgensen Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) I, -II, and IGF Binding Protein-3 and Risk of Ischemic Stroke J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2005; 90(11): 5937 - 5941. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, A. Cuocolo, L. Spinelli, W. Acampa, S. Spiezia, F. Rota, M. C. Savanelli, and G. Lombardi Does a Gender-Related Effect of Growth Hormone (GH) Replacement Exist on Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Cardiac Morphology, and Performance and Atherosclerosis? Results of a Two-Year Open, Prospective Study in Young Adult Men and Women with Severe GH Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2005; 90(9): 5146 - 5155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, F. Rota, S. Di Maio, M. Salerno, A. Klain, S. Spiezia, and G. Lombardi Common Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Growth Hormone (GH)-Deficient Adolescents: A Prospective Study after GH Withdrawal and Restarting GH Replacement J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2005; 90(5): 2659 - 2665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Kelestimur, P. Jonsson, S. Molvalilar, J. M. Gomez, C. J Auernhammer, R. Colak, M. Koltowska-Haggstrom, and M. I Goth Sheehan's syndrome: baseline characteristics and effect of 2 years of growth hormone replacement therapy in 91 patients in KIMS - Pfizer International Metabolic Database Eur. J. Endocrinol., April 1, 2005; 152(4): 581 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, F. Rota, R. Pivonello, M. C. Savanelli, S. Spiezia, and G. Lombardi Short-Term Effects of Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment or Deprivation on Cardiovascular Risk Parameters and Intima-Media Thickness at Carotid Arteries in Patients with Severe GH Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2005; 90(4): 2056 - 2062. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Gola, S. Bonadonna, M. Doga, and A. Giustina Growth Hormone and Cardiovascular Risk Factors J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2005; 90(3): 1864 - 1870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. K. Miller, B. M. K. Biller, J. G. Lipman, G. Bradwin, N. Rifai, and A. Klibanski Truncal Adiposity, Relative Growth Hormone Deficiency, and Cardiovascular Risk J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2005; 90(2): 768 - 774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, A. Cuocolo, M. Filippella, F. Rota, W. Acampa, S. Savastano, M. Salvatore, and G. Lombardi The Severity of Growth Hormone Deficiency Correlates with the Severity of Cardiac Impairment in 100 Adult Patients with Hypopituitarism: An Observational, Case-Control Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2004; 89(12): 5998 - 6004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Hoffman, C. J. Strasburger, A. Zagar, W. F. Blum, A. Kehely, and M. L. Hartman Efficacy and Tolerability of an Individualized Dosing Regimen for Adult Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy in Comparison with Fixed Body Weight-Based Dosing J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2004; 89(7): 3224 - 3233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Svensson, B.-A. Bengtsson, T. Rosen, A. Oden, and G. Johannsson Malignant Disease and Cardiovascular Morbidity in Hypopituitary Adults with or without Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2004; 89(7): 3306 - 3312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C. Oeffinger and M. M. Hudson Long-term Complications Following Childhood and Adolescent Cancer: Foundations for Providing Risk-based Health Care for Survivors CA Cancer J Clin, July 1, 2004; 54(4): 208 - 236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Maison, S. Griffin, M. Nicoue-Beglah, N. Haddad, B. Balkau, and P. Chanson Impact of Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in GH-Deficient Adults: A Metaanalysis of Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trials J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2004; 89(5): 2192 - 2199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. D. Murray, J. E. Adams, and S. M. Shalet Adults with Partial Growth Hormone Deficiency Have an Adverse Body Composition J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1586 - 1591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Serri, L. Li, F. Maingrette, N. Jaffry, and G. Renier Enhanced Lipoprotein Lipase Secretion and Foam Cell Formation by Macrophages of Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency: Possible Contribution to Increased Risk of Atherogenesis? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2004; 89(2): 979 - 985. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Maison and P. Chanson Cardiac Effects of Growth Hormone in Adults With Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Meta-Analysis Circulation, November 25, 2003; 108(21): 2648 - 2652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Besson, S. Salemi, S. Gallati, A. Jenal, R. Horn, P. S. Mullis, and P. E. Mullis Reduced Longevity in Untreated Patients with Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2003; 88(8): 3664 - 3667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Why start an adult on growth hormone? DTB, October 1, 2002; 40(10): 75 - 78. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Kopchick, C. Parkinson, E. C. Stevens, and P. J. Trainer Growth Hormone Receptor Antagonists: Discovery, Development, and Use in Patients with Acromegaly Endocr. Rev., October 1, 2002; 23(5): 623 - 646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Ayuk, S. E. Stewart, P. M. Stewart, and M. C. Sheppard Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Depot Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogs for the Treatment of Acromegaly J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2002; 87(9): 4142 - 4146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. L. Isley Growth Hormone Therapy for Adults: Not Ready for Prime Time? Ann Intern Med, August 6, 2002; 137(3): 190 - 196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Cook Shouldn't Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency Be Offered Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy? Ann Intern Med, August 6, 2002; 137(3): 197 - 201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. Di Somma, M. Salerno, L. Spinelli, F. Orio, and G. Lombardi The Cardiovascular Risk of GH-Deficient Adolescents J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2002; 87(8): 3650 - 3655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Brevetti, P. Marzullo, A. Silvestro, R. Pivonello, G. Oliva, C. di Somma, G. Lombardi, and A. Colao Early Vascular Alterations in Acromegaly J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2002; 87(7): 3174 - 3179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Irving, M. N. Carson, D. J. Webb, and B. R. Walker Peripheral Vascular Structure and Function in Men with Contrasting GH Levels J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2002; 87(7): 3309 - 3314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Ezzat, S. Fear, R.-C. Gaillard, C. Gayle, H. Landy, S. Marcovitz, T. Mattioni, S. Nussey, A. Rees, and E. Svanberg Gender-Specific Responses of Lean Body Composition and Non-Gender-Specific Cardiac Function Improvement after GH Replacement in GH-Deficient Adults J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2002; 87(6): 2725 - 2733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. F. Attanasio, P. C. Bates, K. K. Y. Ho, S. M. Webb, R. J. Ross, C. J. Strasburger, R. Bouillon, B. Crowe, K. Selander, D. Valle, et al. Human Growth Hormone Replacement in Adult Hypopituitary Patients: Long-Term Effects on Body Composition and Lipid Status--3-Year Results from the HypoCCS Database J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2002; 87(4): 1600 - 1606. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. di Somma, R. Pivonello, A. Cuocolo, L. Spinelli, D. Bonaduce, M. Salvatore, and G. Lombardi The Cardiovascular Risk of Adult GH Deficiency (GHD) Improved after GH Replacement and Worsened in Untreated GHD: A 12-Month Prospective Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2002; 87(3): 1088 - 1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Molitch Diagnosis of GH Deficiency in Adults--How Good Do the Criteria Need to Be? J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 473 - 476. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. F. Muller, F. W. G. Leebeek, J. A. M. J. L. Janssen, S. W. J. Lamberts, L. Hofland, and A. J. van der Lely Acute Effect of Pegvisomant on Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Healthy Men: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis in GH Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2001; 86(11): 5165 - 5171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Elhadd, T. A. Abdu, J. Oxtoby, G. Kennedy, M. McLaren, R. Neary, J. J. F. Belch, and R. N. Clayton Biochemical and Biophysical Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Adults with Hypopituitarism and Severe GH Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2001; 86(9): 4223 - 4232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. M. Drake, S. J. Howell, J. P. Monson, and S. M. Shalet Optimizing GH Therapy in Adults and Children Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2001; 22(4): 425 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Thomas and L. Berglund Growth Hormone and Cardiovascular Disease: An Area in Rapid Growth J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2001; 86(5): 1871 - 1873. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Colao, C. di Somma, A. Cuocolo, L. Spinelli, N. Tedesco, R. Pivonello, D. Bonaduce, M. Salvatore, and G. Lombardi Improved Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiac Performance after 12 Months of Growth Hormone (GH) Replacement in Young Adult Patients with GH Deficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2001; 86(5): 1874 - 1881. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. Hauck and A. Bartke Free Radical Defenses in the Liver and Kidney of Human Growth Hormone Transgenic Mice: Possible Mechanisms of Early Mortality J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., April 1, 2001; 56(4): 153B - 162. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Erfurth, B. Bülow, Z. Mikoczy, and L. Hagmar Incidence of a Second Tumor in Hypopituitary Patients Operated for Pituitary Tumors J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2001; 86(2): 659 - 662. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. M. Beentjes, A. van Tol, W. J. Sluiter, and R. P. F. Dullaart Effect of growth hormone replacement therapy on plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and lipid transfer protein activities in growth hormone-deficient adults J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2000; 41(6): 925 - 932. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Nilsson, E. Gustavsson-Kadaka, B.-A. Bengtsson, and B. Jonsson Pituitary Adenomas in Sweden between 1958 and 1991: Incidence, Survival, and Mortality J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2000; 85(4): 1420 - 1425. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. L. Vance and N. Mauras Growth Hormone Therapy in Adults and Children N. Engl. J. Med., October 14, 1999; 341(16): 1206 - 1216. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Gibney, J. D. Wallace, T. Spinks, L. Schnorr, A. Ranicar, R. C. Cuneo, S. Lockhart, K. G. Burnand, F. Salomon, P. H. Sonksen, et al. The Effects of 10 Years of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (GH) in Adult GH-Deficient Patients J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1999; 84(8): 2596 - 2602. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Pfeifer, R. Verhovec, B. Zizek, J. Prezelj, P. Poredos, and R. N. Clayton Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment Reverses Early Atherosclerotic Changes in GH-Deficient Adults J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1999; 84(2): 453 - 457. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Serri, P. St-Jacques, M. Sartippour, and G. Renier Alterations of Monocyte Function in Patients with Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency: Effect of Substitutive GH Therapy J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 1999; 84(1): 58 - 63. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. V. Carroll, E. R. Christ the members of Growth Hormone Research Soci, B. A. Bengtsson, L. Carlsson, J. S. Christiansen, D. Clemmons, R. Hintz, K. Ho, Z. Laron, P. Sizonenko, et al. Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adulthood and the Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement: A Review J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 382 - 395. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. A. S. Al-Shoumer, K. H. Cox, C. L. Hughes, W. Richmond, and D. G. Johnston Fasting and Postprandial Lipid Abnormalities in Hypopituitary Women Receiving Conventional Replacement Therapy J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1997; 82(8): 2653 - 2659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK |
