Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 80, 2041-2045, Copyright © 1995 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Distant metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma: 100 cases observed at one institution during 5 decades

SF Dinneen, MJ Valimaki, EJ Bergstralh, JR Goellner, CA Gorman and ID Hay
Department of Health Science Research (Sections of Epidemiology and Biostatistics), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

The present study was designed to define the factors that predict survival in patients with distant metastases (DM) from papillary thyroid carcinoma. We performed a retrospective review of the records of 100 consecutive patients (45 females and 55 males; age range, 8-91 yr) who developed DM after primary treatment at our institution from, 1940-1989. Median follow-up for the 20 survivors was 21 yr (range, 3- 38). Cause-specific survival rates at 5, 10, and 15 yr were 40%, 27%, and 24%, respectively, and were not significantly different between the eras 1940-1954, 1955-1969, and 1970-1989 (P = 0.74). By univariate analysis, age at diagnosis of DM was the most important predictor of survival (P < 0.0001), with improved survival occurring in younger patients. Tumor-related factors associated with improved survival included complete resection of the primary tumor (P < 0.005), histological grade 1 (P = 0.006), diploid nuclear DNA (P = 0.03), and lung as first site of DM (P = 0.018). By univariate analysis, use of radioiodine therapy was associated with improved survival (vs. other forms of therapy, P < 0.001). However, by multivariate analysis only age, site of DM, and degree of extrathyroidal invasion of the primary tumor were identified as significant predictors of survival. None of the four treatment variables (external radiation, surgery, chemotherapy, or radioiodine) was a significant predictor of survival in the Cox model. Our retrospective data indicate that 1) outcome has changed little over 5 decades for patients with DM from papillary thyroid carcinoma; and 2) current forms of therapy do not appear to impact on survival.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. Durante, N. Haddy, E. Baudin, S. Leboulleux, D. Hartl, J. P. Travagli, B. Caillou, M. Ricard, J. D. Lumbroso, F. De Vathaire, et al. Long-Term Outcome of 444 Patients with Distant Metastases from Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma: Benefits and Limits of Radioiodine Therapy J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2006; 91(8): 2892 - 2899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. N. Younes, Y. D. Yazici, S. Kim, S. A. Jasser, A. K. El-Naggar, and J. N. Myers Dual Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition with NVP-AEE788 for the Treatment of Aggressive Follicular Thyroid Cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., June 1, 2006; 12(11): 3425 - 3434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. J. Robbins, Q. Wan, R. K. Grewal, R. Reibke, M. Gonen, H. W. Strauss, R. M. Tuttle, W. Drucker, and S. M. Larson Real-Time Prognosis for Metastatic Thyroid Carcinoma Based on 2-[18F]Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose-Positron Emission Tomography Scanning J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2006; 91(2): 498 - 505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. N. Younes, S. Kim, O. G. Yigitbasi, M. Mandal, S. A. Jasser, Y. Dakak Yazici, B. A. Schiff, A. El-Naggar, B. N. Bekele, G. B. Mills, et al. Integrin-linked kinase is a potential therapeutic target for anaplastic thyroid cancer Mol. Cancer Ther., August 1, 2005; 4(8): 1146 - 1156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. N. Younes, O. G. Yigitbasi, Y. W. Park, S.-J. Kim, S. A. Jasser, V. S. Hawthorne, Y. D. Yazici, M. Mandal, B. N. Bekele, C. D. Bucana, et al. Antivascular Therapy of Human Follicular Thyroid Cancer Experimental Bone Metastasis by Blockade of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Vascular Growth Factor Receptor Phosphorylation Cancer Res., June 1, 2005; 65(11): 4716 - 4727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-O. Bernier, L. Leenhardt, C. Hoang, A. Aurengo, J.-Y. Mary, F. Menegaux, E. Enkaoua, G. Turpin, J. Chiras, G. Saillant, et al. Survival and Therapeutic Modalities in Patients with Bone Metastases of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2001; 86(4): 1568 - 1573. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. Ota, Y. Bando, M. Hirai, N. Tanaka, Y. Takabatake, Y. Kasahara, and M. Fujisawa Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid with Distant Metastases to the Cerebrum: a Case Report Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., March 1, 2001; 31(3): 112 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Yamashita, S. Noguchi, H. Yamashita, N. Murakami, S. Watanabe, S. Uchino, H. Kawamoto, M. Toda, and I. Nakayama Changing Trends and Prognoses for Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer Arch Surg, October 1, 1998; 133(10): 1058 - 1065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Schlumberger Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma N. Engl. J. Med., January 29, 1998; 338(5): 297 - 306. [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. C. Chiu, E. S. Delpassand, and S. I. Sherman Prognosis and Treatment of Brain Metastases in Thyroid Carcinoma J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 1997; 82(11): 3637 - 3642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]