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Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 78, 526-535, Copyright © 1994 by Endocrine Society
ARTICLES |
A Iranmanesh, B Grisso and JD Veldhuis
Endocrine Section, Veterans Administrative Medical Center, Salem, Virginia 24153.
Serum GH concentrations assessed by conventional RIA and immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) are often undetectable in healthy fed and awake humans. Serum GH concentrations are also low in obese, hypothyroid, middle-aged, and older individuals. Accordingly, to better investigate the pathophysiology of GH release in relatively hyposomatotropic states, we compared a new and putatively ultrasensitive GH chemiluminescence (CL) assay with a conventional IRMA. We report that the sensitivity of the CL assay is approximately 0.005 microgram/L, with a median intraassay coefficient of variation over more than 3 logarithms of serum GH concentrations of 5.2% (range, 3.6-8.3%). In each of 2 normal young men and 4 categories of hyposomatotropic adults studied (2 obese, 2 hypothyroid, 2 middle-aged, and 3 older men), we observed detectable serum GH concentrations by CL assay of all samples collected at 10-min intervals for 24 h. In the same sera analyzed by IRMA, 22-98% of the daytime sample values fell below IRMA sensitivity (0.10 microgram/L). Within the IRMA-detectable range, the correlation between the 2 assays ranged between r = 0.893 to 0.989 (P < 0.001 in each subject). In the CL assay, serum GH concentrations declined to 0.018-0.030 microgram/L, but were never undetectable during the awake fed state. Deconvolution analysis of 11 GH series assayed by CL disclosed basal GH release and superimposed GH secretory bursts. In the low GH series, there was a mean frequency of 12 +/- 1.4 secretory events/24 h, a mass of GH secreted per burst of 1.0 +/- 0.35 microgram/L, a secretory burst half-duration of 21 +/- 3.3 min, and an apparent endogenous GH half-life of 14 +/- 0.85 min. Compared to the GH IRMA, the CL assay detected approximately 50% more GH secretory events, and GH secretory burst frequency was increased significantly at night vs. the daytime. Cosinor analysis revealed significant 24-h serum GH concentration rhythms in both assays, but an earlier mean acrophase (time of maximum) and lower mesor (mean values) were estimated in the CL assay than the IRMA. We conclude that within the IRMA-detectable range, the correlation between serum GH concentrations measured by CL and IRMA techniques is high. However, unlike the IRMA, the GH CL assay can detect serum GH concentrations consistently in the awake and fed state not only in young individuals but also in subjects with obesity, hypothyroidism, and middle and older age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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A. Iranmanesh, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis Activation of Somatostatin-Receptor Subtype-2/-5 Suppresses the Mass, Frequency, and Irregularity of Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Peptide-2-Stimulated GH Secretion in Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2004; 89(9): 4581 - 4587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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D. Erickson, D. M. Keenan, K. Mielke, K. Bradford, C. Y. Bowers, J. M. Miles, and J. D. Veldhuis Dual Secretagogue Drive of Burst-Like Growth Hormone Secretion in Postmenopausal Compared with Premenopausal Women Studied under an Experimental Estradiol Clamp J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2004; 89(9): 4746 - 4754. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. Y. Bowers, R. Granda, S. Mohan, J. Kuipers, D. Baylink, and J. D. Veldhuis Sustained Elevation of Pulsatile Growth Hormone (GH) Secretion and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), IGF-Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and IGFBP-5 Concentrations during 30-Day Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion of GH-Releasing Peptide-2 in Older Men and Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2004; 89(5): 2290 - 2300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, W. S. Evans, A. Iranmanesh, A. L. Weltman, and C. Y. Bowers Short-Term Testosterone Supplementation Relieves Growth Hormone Autonegative Feedback in Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2004; 89(3): 1285 - 1290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, S. M. Anderson, P. Kok, A. Iranmanesh, J. Frystyk, H. Orskov, and D. M. Keenan Estradiol Supplementation Modulates Growth Hormone (GH) Secretory-Burst Waveform and Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I-Enforced Suppression of Endogenously Driven GH Release in Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2004; 89(3): 1312 - 1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, J. Patrie, L. Wideman, M. Patterson, J. Y. Weltman, and A. Weltman Contrasting Negative-Feedback Control of Endogenously Driven and Exercise-Stimulated Pulsatile Growth Hormone Secretion in Women and Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2004; 89(2): 840 - 846. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, S. M. Anderson, J. T. Patrie, and C. Y. Bowers Estradiol Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women Doubles Rebound-Like Release of Growth Hormone (GH) Triggered by Sequential Infusion and Withdrawal of Somatostatin: Evidence that Estrogen Facilitates Endogenous GH-Releasing Hormone Drive J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2004; 89(1): 121 - 127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, W. S. Evans, and C. Y. Bowers Estradiol Supplementation Enhances Submaximal Feed-Forward Drive of Growth Hormone (GH) Secretion by Recombinant Human GH-Releasing Hormone-1,44-Amide in a Putatively Somatostatin-Withdrawn Milieu J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5484 - 5489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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E. B. Klerman, G. K. Adler, M. Jin, A. M. Maliszewski, and E. N. Brown A statistical model of diurnal variation in human growth hormone Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2003; 285(5): E1118 - E1126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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E. Richmond, A. D. Rogol, D. Basdemir, O. L. Veldhuis, W. Clarke, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis Accelerated Escape from GH Autonegative Feedback in Midpuberty in Males: Evidence for Time-Delimited GH-Induced Somatostatinergic Outflow in Adolescent Boys J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2002; 87(8): 3837 - 3844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Gentili, T. Mulligan, M. Godschalk, J. Clore, J. Patrie, A. Iranmanesh, and J. D. Veldhuis Unequal Impact of Short-Term Testosterone Repletion on the Somatotropic Axis of Young and Older Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 825 - 834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, W. S. Evans, and C. Y. Bowers Impact of Estradiol Supplementation on Dual Peptidyl Drive of GH Secretion in Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2002; 87(2): 859 - 866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. M. Anderson, L. Wideman, J. T. Patrie, A. Weltman, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis E2 Supplementation Selectively Relieves GH's Autonegative Feedback on GH-Releasing Peptide-2-Stimulated GH Secretion J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2001; 86(12): 5904 - 5911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, A. Iranmanesh, D. Naftolowitz, N. Tatham, F. Cassidy, and B. J. Carroll Corticotropin Secretory Dynamics in Humans under Low Glucocorticoid Feedback J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2001; 86(11): 5554 - 5563. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. J. Bray, T. M. Vick, N. Shah, S. M. Anderson, L. W. Rice, A. Iranmanesh, W. S. Evans, and J. D. Veldhuis Short-Term Estradiol Replacement in Postmenopausal Women Selectively Mutes Somatostatin's Dose-Dependent Inhibition of Fasting Growth Hormone Secretion J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2001; 86(7): 3143 - 3149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. A. Gusenoff, S. M. Harman, J. D. Veldhuis, J. J. Jayme, C. St. Clair, T. Munzer, C. Christmas, K. G. O'Connor, T. E. Stevens, M. F. Bellantoni, et al. Cortisol and GH secretory dynamics, and their interrelationships, in healthy aged women and men Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2001; 280(4): E616 - E625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, M. Straume, A. Iranmanesh, T. Mulligan, C. Jaffe, A. Barkan, M. L. Johnson, and S. Pincus Secretory process regularity monitors neuroendocrine feedback and feedforward signaling strength in humans Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2001; 280(3): R721 - R729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. M. Anderson, N. Shah, W. S. Evans, J. T. Patrie, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis Short-Term Estradiol Supplementation Augments Growth Hormone (GH) Secretory Responsiveness to Dose-Varying GH-Releasing Peptide Infusions in Healthy Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2001; 86(2): 551 - 560. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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W. S. Evans, S. M. Anderson, L. T. Hull, P. P. Azimi, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis Continuous 24-Hour Intravenous Infusion of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Hormone-(1-44)-Amide Augments Pulsatile, Entropic, and Daily Rhythmic GH Secretion in Postmenopausal Women Equally in the Estrogen-Withdrawn and Estrogen-Supplemented States J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2001; 86(2): 700 - 712. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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S. R. Peacey, A. A. Toogood, J. D. Veldhuis, M. O. Thorner, and S. M. Shalet The Relationship between 24-Hour Growth Hormone Secretion and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Patients with Successfully Treated Acromegaly: Impact of Surgery or Radiotherapy J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2001; 86(1): 259 - 266. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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L. Wideman, J. Y. Weltman, J. T. Patrie, C. Y. Bowers, N. Shah, S. Story, A. Weltman, and J. D. Veldhuis Synergy of L-arginine and growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide-2 on GH release: influence of gender Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2000; 279(4): R1455 - R1466. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. J. Pritzlaff, L. Wideman, J. Blumer, M. Jensen, R. D. Abbott, G. A. Gaesser, J. D. Veldhuis, and A. Weltman Catecholamine release, growth hormone secretion, and energy expenditure during exercise vs. recovery in men J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2000; 89(3): 937 - 946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Weltman, C. J. Pritzlaff, L. Wideman, J. Y. Weltman, J. L. Blumer, R. D. Abbott, M. L. Hartman, and J. D. Veldhuis Exercise-dependent growth hormone release is linked to markers of heightened central adrenergic outflow J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2000; 89(2): 629 - 635. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Shah, W. S. Evans, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis Oral Estradiol Administration Modulates Continuous Intravenous Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Peptide-2-Driven GH Secretion in Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2000; 85(8): 2649 - 2659. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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N. Mauras, K. O. OBrien, K. O. Klein, and V. Hayes Estrogen Suppression in Males: Metabolic Effects J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2000; 85(7): 2370 - 2377. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. D. Veldhuis, J. N. Roemmich, and A. D. Rogol Gender and Sexual Maturation-Dependent Contrasts in the Neuroregulation of Growth Hormone Secretion in Prepubertal and Late Adolescent Males and Females--A General Clinical Research Center-Based Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2000; 85(7): 2385 - 2394. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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D. M. Keenan and J. D. Veldhuis Explicating hypergonadotropism in postmenopausal women: a statistical model Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 2000; 278(5): R1247 - R1257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Bergendahl, A. Iranmanesh, W. S. Evans, and J. D. Veldhuis Short-Term Fasting Selectively Suppresses Leptin Pulse Mass and 24-Hour Rhythmic Leptin Release in Healthy Midluteal Phase Women without Disturbing Leptin Pulse Frequency or Its Entropy Control (Pattern Orderliness) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2000; 85(1): 207 - 213. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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G. M. Bright, J. D. Veldhuis, A. Iranmanesh, G. Baumann, H. Maheshwari, and J. Lima Appraisal of Growth Hormone (GH) Secretion: Evaluation of a Composite Pharmacokinetic Model That Discriminates Multiple Components of GH Input J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1999; 84(9): 3301 - 3308. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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C. J. Pritzlaff, L. Wideman, J. Y. Weltman, R. D. Abbott, M. E. Gutgesell, M. L. Hartman, J. D. Veldhuis, and A. Weltman Impact of acute exercise intensity on pulsatile growth hormone release in men J Appl Physiol, August 1, 1999; 87(2): 498 - 504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Shah, W. S. Evans, C. Y. Bowers, and J. D. Veldhuis Tripartite Neuroendocrine Activation of the Human Growth Hormone (GH) Axis in Women by Continuous 24-Hour GH-Releasing Peptide Infusion: Pulsatile, Entropic, and Nyctohemeral Mechanisms J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1999; 84(6): 2140 - 2150. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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N. Shah, W. S. Evans, and J. D. Veldhuis Actions of estrogen on pulsatile, nyctohemeral, and entropic modes of growth hormone secretion Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): R1351 - R1358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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E. E. Muller, V. Locatelli, and D. Cocchi Neuroendocrine Control of Growth Hormone Secretion Physiol Rev, April 1, 1999; 79(2): 511 - 607. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Bergendahl, W. S. Evans, C. Pastor, A. Patel, A. Iranmanesh, and J. D. Veldhuis Short-Term Fasting Suppresses Leptin and (Conversely) Activates Disorderly Growth Hormone Secretion in Midluteal Phase Women--A Clinical Research Center Study J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 1999; 84(3): 883 - 894. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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A. Giustina and J. D. Veldhuis Pathophysiology of the Neuroregulation of Growth Hormone Secretion in Experimental Animals and the Human Endocr. Rev., December 1, 1998; 19(6): 717 - 797. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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S. Melmed Tight Control of Growth Hormone: An Attainable Outcome for Acromegaly Treatment J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 1998; 83(10): 3409 - 3410. [Full Text] |
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S. Melmed, I. Jackson, D. Kleinberg, and A. Klibanski Current Treatment Guidelines for Acromegaly J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1998; 83(8): 2646 - 2652. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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R. Roubenoff, L. C. Rall, J. D. Veldhuis, J. J. Kehayias, C. Rosen, M. Nicolson, N. Lundgren, and S. Reichlin The Relationship between Growth Hormone Kinetics and Sarcopenia in Postmenopausal Women: The Role of Fat Mass and Leptin J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 1998; 83(5): 1502 - 1506. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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P. A. Clark, A. Iranmanesh, J. D. Veldhuis, and A. D. Rogol Comparison of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion Between Prepubertal Children and Young Adults: Evidence for a Mass/Amplitude-Dependent Difference Without Gender or Day/Night Contrasts J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 1997; 82(9): 2950 - 2955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. J. Pritzlaff-Roy, L. Widemen, J. Y. Weltman, R. Abbott, M. Gutgesell, M. L. Hartman, J. D. Veldhuis, and A. Weltman Gender governs the relationship between exercise intensity and growth hormone release in young adults J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2002; 92(5): 2053 - 2060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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