Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 72, 824-831, Copyright © 1991 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Lymphokines, including interleukin-2, alter gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone production and proliferation of human granulosa-luteal cells in vitro

LJ Wang, S Robertson, RF Seamark and RJ Norman
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Medical School, University of Adelaide, Woodville, South Australia.

The effects of human interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-2 on human granulosa- luteal cell progesterone production were examined with or without hCG stimulation in vitro. Human granulosa-luteal cells were recovered from follicular fluid obtained from women undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures and cultured for up to 7 days before supernatant progesterone level measurement. Lymphokine-rich conditioned medium was prepared from mitogen-stimulated human peripheral blood leukocytes (HPL- CM). The influence of HPL-CM on both granulosa-luteal cell progesterone production and cell growth was inhibitory. In contrast, supernatants of the IL-2-producing cell line MLA-144 (MLA-CM) stimulated both basal progesterone secretion and cell proliferation. Human recombinant IL-2 (from 0.1-100 IU) alone did not change progesterone levels, compared to control values, after 24 h of cell culture. However, 1, 10, and 100 IU IL-2 significantly inhibited progesterone secretion from cells stimulated by 5 IU hCG (P less than 0.01). The enhanced progesterone levels stimulated by forskolin were also significantly inhibited by 10 IU IL-2 (P = 0.01). This effect was not mediated through decreased cAMP, since the forskolin-enhanced cAMP level was not influenced by IL- 2, IL-1, with or without hCG, did not show any effect on progesterone production during either 24 or 48 h of cell culture. It is concluded that 1) human recombinant IL-2 significantly inhibits progesterone production stimulated by hCG in human granulosa-luteal cells; 2) IL-2 also had a marked inhibitory effect on forskolin-induced progesterone release, but did not influence the increased cAMP level stimulated by forskolin; 3) the inhibitory influence of IL-2 on progesterone synthesis may be down-stream in the signal transduction pathway from cAMP activation; and 4) HPL-CM and MLA-CM produced inhibitory and stimulatory effects, respectively, on both basal and hCG-stimulated progesterone levels as well as on granulosa-luteal cell proliferation. These activities cannot be completely attributed to IL-2, and other mediators of leukocyte origin may, therefore, exist.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Hurwitz, Z. Finci-Yeheskel, M. Dushnik, A. Milwidsky, S. Shimonovitz, S. Yagel, E. Y. Adashi, and M. Mayer Interleukin-1-Mediated Regulation of Plasminogen Activation in Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin-Primed Rat Granulosa Cells Is Independent of Prostaglandin Production Reproductive Sciences, September 1, 1995; 2(5): 691 - 699. [Abstract] [PDF]