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Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 67, No. 5 1094-1099
doi:10.1210/jcem-67-5-1094
Copyright © 1988 by the Endocrine Society.
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Peripheral Insulin Parallels Changes in Insulin Secretion More Closely Than C-Peptide After Bolus Intravenous Glucose Administration*

E. TIMOTHY SHAPIRO, HARTMUT TILLIL{dagger}, ARTHUR H. RUBENSTEIN and KENNETH S. POLONSKY{ddagger}

Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois 60637

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Kenneth S. Polonsky, M.D., Department of Medicine, Box 435, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637.

The changes in peripheral serum insulin and plasma C-peptide levels and in the insulin secretory rate in response to iv glucose (0.5 g/kg BW) administration were studied in seven normal subjects. Insulin secretory rates were calculated according to a two-compartment model of distribution for Cpeptide, using individual C-peptide kinetics calculated from iv bolus injections of biosynthetic human C-peptide.

The mean plasma glucose level increased from a fasting level of 5.1 ± 0.1 (±SE) to a peak of 24.0 ± 1.0 mmol/L at 3 min and reached basal levels 101 ± 6 min after glucose administration. The mean serum insulin value increased from 50 ± 12 to a peak of 405 ± 58 pmol/L at 3 min and then declined to fasting levels 139 ± 14 min after the stimulus. In contrast, the mean plasma C-peptide level increased from 390 ± 50 to a peak of 1460 ± 210 pmol/L at 3 min and only began declining 45 min after glucose administration, reaching fasting levels 191 ± 15 min after the stimulus. The mean insulin secretory rate increased from 69.8 ± 19.9 to a peak of 1412.7 ± 159.1 pmol/min at 3 min (15.3 ± 2.5-fold elevation over baseline) and reached basal levels 135 ± 12 min after the stimulus. The clearance of endogenous insulin during the basal period (2.505 ± 0.365 L/min) and that during the 4 h after the stimulus (2.319 ± 0.230 L/min) were similar.

In conclusion, after bolus iv glucose administration: 1) the insulin secretory rate is more closely represented by changes in peripheral serum insulin than in plasma C-peptide levels; and 2) no change in endogenous insulin clearance occurs.

* This work was supported in part by Grant DK-31842 from the NIH, the Diabetes Research and Training Center (DK-20595), and the Clinical Research Center at the University of Chicago (RR-00055).

{dagger} Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Training Grant Ti 154/1-1) and the Deutsche Diabetes-Gesellschaft (Junior Science Award).

{ddagger} Recipient of a Research Career Development Award from the NIH (DK-01234).

Received January 27, 1988.




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