Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 67, 701-706, Copyright © 1988 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

The effect of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist analog (nafarelin) on bone metabolism

JS Johansen, BJ Riis, C Hassager, M Moen, J Jacobson and C Christiansen
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

The effect on bone metabolism of an agonist analog of GnRH, nafarelin, was studied in 16 premenopausal women, who received 200 micrograms nafarelin/day for 6 months, and 9 premenopausal women, who received 400 micrograms nafarelin/day for 6 months, followed by a 6-month follow-up period. Bone mineral content in the forearm (measured by single photon absorptiometry) and in the spine (measured by dual photon absorptiometry) significantly decreased after 6 months of treatment with 400 micrograms nafarelin, but 6 months after termination of treatment all bone mineral measurements had returned to pretreatment levels. The bone mineral measurements in the 200 micrograms group did not change throughout the study. In both treatment groups the biochemical estimates of bone turnover increased significantly to postmenopausal levels. Withdrawal of treatment resulted in an abrupt decrease in the bone resorption parameters (fasting urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine and calcium to creatinine excretion ratios and serum phosphate), whereas there was a protracted fall in the bone formation parameters (plasma bone Gla protein and serum alkaline phosphatase) 6 months after termination of treatment. Our findings demonstrate that nafarelin in both doses increased biochemical indices of bone turnover, that 400 micrograms/day nafarelin resulted in a significant decrease in bone mineral content, and that these effects were reversible.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S.-H. Kwon, J.-C. Park, S. Ramachandran, S.-D. Cha, K.-Y. Kwon, J.-K. Park, J.-W. Park, I. Bae, and C.-H. Cho Loss of Cyclin G1 Expression in Human Uterine Leiomyoma Cells Induces Apoptosis Reproductive Sciences, April 1, 2008; 15(4): 400 - 410. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Leanos-Miranda, A. Ulloa-Aguirre, L. A Cervini, J. A. Janovick, J. Rivier, and P M. Conn Identification of new gonadotrophin-releasing hormone partial agonists. J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2006; 189(3): 509 - 517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K Takada, G G Illei, and D T Boumpas Cyclophosphamide for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus, March 1, 2001; 10(3): 154 - 161. [Abstract] [PDF]

				B. Z. Leder, M. R. Smith, M. A. Fallon, M.-L. T. Lee, and J. S. Finkelstein Effects of Gonadal Steroid Suppression on Skeletal Sensitivity to Parathyroid Hormone in Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2001; 86(2): 511 - 516. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. D. Gamage, E. D. Bischoff, K. D. Burroughs, W. W. Lamph, M. M. Gottardis, C. L. Walker, and R. Fuchs-Young Efficacy of LGD1069 (Targretin), a Retinoid X Receptor-Selective Ligand, for Treatment of Uterine Leiomyoma J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2000; 295(2): 677 - 681. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. D. Burroughs, R. Fuchs-Young, B. Davis, and C. L. Walker Altered Hormonal Responsiveness of Proliferation and Apoptosis During Myometrial Maturation and the Development of Uterine Leiomyomas in the Rat Biol Reprod, November 1, 2000; 63(5): 1322 - 1330. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. Deplewski and R. L. Rosenfield Role of Hormones in Pilosebaceous Unit Development Endocr. Rev., August 1, 2000; 21(4): 363 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Pfeilschifter and I. J. Diel Osteoporosis Due to Cancer Treatment: Pathogenesis and Management J. Clin. Oncol., April 7, 2000; 18(7): 1570 - 1593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Somekawa, M. Chigughi, M. Harada, and T. Ishibashi Use of Vitamin K2 (Menatetrenone) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the Prevention of Bone Loss Induced by Leuprolide J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1999; 84(8): 2700 - 2704. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				F. POLATTI, E. CAPUZZO, F. VIAZZO, R. COLLEONI, and C. KLERSY Bone Mineral Changes During and After Lactation Obstet. Gynecol., July 1, 1999; 94(1): 52 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S. Hunter, L. C. Hodges, P. M. Vonier, R. Fuchs-Young, M. M. Gottardis, and C. L. Walker Estrogen Receptor Activation via Activation Function 2 Predicts Agonism of Xenoestrogens in Normal and Neoplastic Cells of the Uterine Myometrium Cancer Res., July 1, 1999; 59(13): 3090 - 3099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. K. Miller and A. Klibanski Amenorrheic Bone Loss J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1999; 84(6): 1775 - 1783. [Full Text]

				J. S. Finkelstein and A. L. Arnold Increases in Bone Mineral Density after Discontinuation of Daily Human Parathyroid Hormone and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog Administration in Women with Endometriosis J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1999; 84(4): 1214 - 1219. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				C A Slater, M H Liang, J W McCune, G M Christman, and M R Laufer Preserving ovarian function in patients receiving cyclophosphamide Lupus, January 1, 1999; 8(1): 3 - 10. [PDF]

				J. S. Finkelstein, A. Klibanski, A. L. Arnold, T. L. Toth, M. D. Hornstein, and R. M. Neer Prevention of Estrogen Deficiency-Related Bone Loss With Human Parathyroid Hormone-(1-34): A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, September 23, 1998; 280(12): 1067 - 1073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Gorai, Y. Taguchi, O. Chaki, R. K. M. Nakayama, B. C. Yang, S. Yokota, and H. Minaguchi Serum Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor and Biochemical Markers of Bone Metabolism Show Significant Variations During the Menstrual Cycle J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 326 - 332. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				E. A. Amama, M. Taga, and H. Minaguchi The Effect of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist on Type I Collagen C-Telopeptide and N-Telopeptide: the Predictive Value of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 333 - 338. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. M. Boot, S. M. P. F. d. M. Keizer-Schrama, H. A. P. Pols, E. P. Krenning, and S. L. S. Drop Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition before and during Treatment with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist in Children with Central Precocious and Early Puberty J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 370 - 373. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. D. Burroughs, K. Kiguchi, S. R. Howe, R. Fuchs-Young, D. Trono, J. C. Barrett, and C. Walker Regulation of Apoptosis in Uterine Leiomyomata Endocrinology, July 1, 1997; 138(7): 3056 - 3064. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Finkelstein, A. Klibanski, E. H. Schaefer, M. D. Hornstein, I. Schiff, and R. M. Neer Parathyroid Hormone for the Prevention of Bone Loss Induced by Estrogen Deficiency N. Engl. J. Med., December 15, 1994; 331(24): 1618 - 1623. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T Cundy, J Cornish, M C Evans, H Roberts, and I R Reid Recovery of bone density in women who stop using medroxyprogesterone acetate BMJ, January 22, 1994; 308(6923): 247 - 248. [Full Text]