Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 67, 54-61, Copyright © 1988 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Treatment of obese, diet-restricted subjects with growth hormone for 11 weeks: effects on anabolism, lipolysis, and body composition

DK Snyder, DR Clemmons and LE Underwood
Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.

We found in a previous study that injections of GH for 3 weeks caused nitrogen conservation despite restriction of intake to 24 Cal (100 kJ)/kg ideal BW (IBW). To determine the effects of longer periods of treatment and further caloric restriction on nitrogen balance, lipolysis, and body composition, 20 obese (30-67% over IBW) subjects (16 women and 4 men; 20-54 yr old) were fed a diet of 18 Cal (75 kJ)/kg IBW with 1.2 g protein/kg IBW daily for 13 weeks. During weeks 2-12, 10 subjects received injections of recombinant methionyl GH (0.1 mg/kg IBW every other day), and the other 10 sex-, age-, and weight-matched subjects were given injections of saline. There were no significant differences between the two groups in total weight loss [GH, 13.9 +/- 3.0 (+/- SD) kg; saline, 15.2 +/- 3.8 kg ) or the percentage of body fat lost (GH, 8.1 +/- 2.4%; saline, 7.5 +/- 1.5%), although GH injection caused a significant acute increment in serum FFA concentrations (GH, 0.53 +/- 0.37 mmol/L; saline, 0.08 +/- 0.22 mmol/L; P less than 0.001) throughout the study. This acute lipolytic response to GH decreased significantly, from 0.86 +/- 0.32 mmol/L on day 1 of GH treatment to 0.35 +/- 0.41 mmol/L by day 35 of GH injection (P less than 0.01). Nitrogen balance was significantly more positive in the group receiving GH during the first 33 days of the GH injection period [GH, +0.07 +/- 1.82 g/day (+5.0 +/- 130.0 mmol/day); saline, -1.91 +/- 1.10 g/day (-136.3 +/- 78.5 mmol/day); P less than 0.001]. During the last 44 days of GH injection, however, the nitrogen balance in the two groups was similar [GH, -0.90 +/- 1.65 g/day (-64.2 +/- 117.8 mmol/day); saline, -1.08 +/- 0.95 g/day (-77.1 +/- 67.8 mmol/day); P = NS]. Mean plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations rose from a basal value of 1.6 +/- 0.8 to 2.9 +/- 1.2 U/mL by 48 h after the first GH injection and ranged subsequently from 3.2 +/- 1.3 to 4.9 +/- 3.3 U/mL during GH injection (P less than 0.001). In contrast, the mean IGF-I concentration did not change in the group that received saline. Dietary restriction during the first week of study caused serum T3 concentrations to decline in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				U. Espelund, J. M. Bruun, B. Richelsen, A. Flyvbjerg, and J. Frystyk Pro- and mature IGF-II during diet-induced weight loss in obese subjects Eur. J. Endocrinol., December 1, 2005; 153(6): 861 - 869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. G. Smith Development of Growth Hormone Secretagogues Endocr. Rev., May 1, 2005; 26(3): 346 - 360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A Lavigne, D. J Baer, H. H Wimbrow, P. S Albert, E. D Brown, J. T Judd, W. S Campbell, C. A Giffen, J. F Dorgan, T. J Hartman, et al. Effects of alcohol on insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 in postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2005; 81(2): 503 - 507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. D. Veldhuis, J. N. Roemmich, E. J. Richmond, A. D. Rogol, J. C. Lovejoy, M. Sheffield-Moore, N. Mauras, and C. Y. Bowers Endocrine Control of Body Composition in Infancy, Childhood, and Puberty Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2005; 26(1): 114 - 146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. W. Tomlinson, N. Crabtree, P. M. S. Clark, G. Holder, A. A. Toogood, C. H. L. Shackleton, and P. M. Stewart Low-Dose Growth Hormone Inhibits 11{beta}-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 but Has No Effect upon Fat Mass in Patients with Simple Obesity J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2003; 88(5): 2113 - 2118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Norrelund, N. Moller, K. S. Nair, J. S. Christiansen, and J. O. L. Jorgensen Continuation of Growth Hormone (GH) Substitution during Fasting in GH-Deficient Patients Decreases Urea Excretion and Conserves Protein Synthesis J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2001; 86(7): 3120 - 3129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Friedlander, G. E. Butterfield, S. Moynihan, J. Grillo, M. Pollack, L. Holloway, L. Friedman, J. Yesavage, D. Matthias, S. Lee, et al. One Year of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Treatment Does Not Affect Bone Density, Body Composition, or Psychological Measures in Postmenopausal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2001; 86(4): 1496 - 1503. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Nørrelund, K. S. Nair, J. O. L. Jørgensen, J. S. Christiansen, and N. Møller The Protein-Retaining Effects of Growth Hormone During Fasting Involve Inhibition of Muscle-Protein Breakdown Diabetes, January 1, 2001; 50(1): 96 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Yu and T. Rohan Role of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor Family in Cancer Development and Progression J Natl Cancer Inst, September 20, 2000; 92(18): 1472 - 1489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Bourrin, P. Ammann, J. P. Bonjour, and R. Rizzoli Dietary Protein Restriction Lowers Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), Impairs Cortical Bone Formation, and Induces Osteoblastic Resistance to IGF-I in Adult Female Rats Endocrinology, September 1, 2000; 141(9): 3149 - 3155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Ottosson, P. Lönnroth, P. Björntorp, and S. Edén Effects of Cortisol and Growth Hormone on Lipolysis in Human Adipose Tissue J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 2000; 85(2): 799 - 803. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				G. A. Bray and F. L. Greenway Current and Potential Drugs for Treatment of Obesity Endocr. Rev., December 1, 1999; 20(6): 805 - 875. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. Chrysis and L. E. Underwood Regulation of Components of the Ubiquitin System by Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and Growth Hormone in Skeletal Muscle of Rats Made Catabolic with Dexamethasone Endocrinology, December 1, 1999; 140(12): 5635 - 5641. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Jain, D. W. Golde, R. Bailey, and M. E. Geffner Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Resistance Endocr. Rev., October 1, 1998; 19(5): 625 - 646. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. G. Murphy, L. M. Plunkett, B. J. Gertz, W. He, J. Wittreich, W. M. Polvino, and D. R. Clemmons MK-677, an Orally Active Growth Hormone Secretagogue, Reverses Diet-Induced Catabolism J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1998; 83(2): 320 - 325. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. D. K. Lee, S. K. Durham, V. Martinez, O. Vasconez, D. R. Powell, and J. Guevara-Aguirre Kinetics of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) and IGF-Binding Protein Responses to a Single Dose of Growth Hormone J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 1997; 82(7): 2266 - 2274. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Unlicensed uses for growth hormone DTB, July 1, 1994; 32(7): 53 - 55. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]