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Antidiuretic Effect and Pharmacokinetics of Oral 1-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin. 1. Studies in Adults and Children

Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, Westminster Hospital London, SWl United Kingdom
Hospital for Sick Children London, WCI United Kingdom

Address correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. T. D. M. Williams, Medical Unit, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, Westminster Hospital, London, SWl, United Kingdom.

The dose-response relationships and pharmacokinetics of orally administeredl-desamino-8-D-AVP (DDAVP) were investigated. In water-loaded normal subjects marked reductions inurine flow rate and increases in urinary osmolality occurred. The responses were maximal 2 h afteringestion of 50, 100, and 200 µg, and lasted at least 6 h. Plasma DDAVP levels increased in a dose-dependent fashion and its disappearance from the plasma followed an exponential time course, witha half-life 86 to 142 min. In water-loaded adults with central diabetes insipidus (CDI), 200 µg oral DDAVP caused marked antidiuresis and mean urinary osmolality increased from 107 mosm/kg to 554mosm/kg after 3 h. In these patients the effect also lasted at least 6 h. Children with CDI were less sensitive than normal subjects to the 50-µg dosage and required 100 µg orally to achieve a duration of action similar to that resulting from 200 µg in adults. Oral DDAVP may be useful for treating some patients with CDI.

Received December 10, 1985.

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