This Article Full Text (PDF) Submit a related Letter to the Editor Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Copyright Permission Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by AKAZAWA, S. Articles by FREINKEL, N. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by AKAZAWA, S. Articles by FREINKEL, N.

Relationships between Glucose and Mannose during Late Gestation in Normal Pregnancy and Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus: Concurrent Concentrations in Maternal Plasma and Amniotic Fluid

The Center for Endocrinology Metabolism Nutrition and the Departments of Medicine and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, Illinois 60611

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Norbert Freinkel, Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611.

Enzymatic assays were modified to permit sensitive and highly reproducible simultaneous measurements of Dmannose and D-glucose in biological fluids during weeks 34–40 of human pregnancy. Plasma mannose and glucose averaged 9.8 ± 0.4 (±SEM) and 790 ± 16 g/ml, respectively, after an overnight fast in pregnant women (n = 22) with normal carbohydrate metabolism. Significantly higherplasma mannose levels were found, despite only minor increases in plasma glucose,in pregnant women with relatively well controlled diabetes mellitus after an overnight fast (16.9 ± 0.6 g/ml mannose; 883 ± 29 gl ml glucose; n = 31) or 3-4 h after breakfast (15.7 ± 1.2 g/val mannose; 1159 ± 101 g/ml glucose; n = 19). Plasma mannose correlated significantly withplasma glucose in the women with diabetes mellitus, particularly after an overnight fast. Samples of amniotic fluid were also obtained from the gravida with diabetes mellitus to provide some index of simultaneous relationships in utero. Amniotic fluid mannose and glucose averaged 5.9 ± 0.4 and 302 ± 24 g/ml, respectively, after an overnight fast and 6.7 ± 1.3 and 459 ± 84 g/ml 3-4 h after breakfast. In amniotic fluid, as in plasma, the concurrent levels of mannose and glucose conformed to relatively fixed relationships. Thus, othfetus and mother appear to be exposed to readily demonstrable amounts of mannose during late gestation and the absolute as well as relative abundance of mannose may be increased coincident with faulty maternal glucoregulation. However, since mannose did not exceed 3% of the concurrent concentration of glucose in any instance, it does not seem likely that endogenous levels of circulating mannose can modify glucose utilization appreciably by competing with glucose for phosphorylatio via hexokinase and subsequent intracellular processing.

This work was supported in part by Research Grants AM-10699, MRP-HD-11021, HD-19070, and RR-48 and Training Grant AM-07169 from the NIH (Bethesda, MD).

^* Overseas Research Fellow (from Nagasaki University, Japan) at the Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition of Northwestern University Medical School from 1981–1984.

Received September 16, 1985.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. Taguchi, I. Miwa, T. Mizutani, H. Nakajima, Y. Fukumura, I. Kobayashi, M. Yabuuchi, and I. Miwa Determination of D-Mannose in Plasma by HPLC Clin. Chem., January 1, 2003; 49(1): 181 - 183. [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. A. Carchon and J. Jaeken Determination of D-Mannose in Serum by Capillary Electrophoresis Clin. Chem., July 1, 2001; 47(7): 1319 - 1321. [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Panneerselvam, J. R. Etchison, and H. H. Freeze Human Fibroblasts Prefer Mannose over Glucose as a Source of Mannose for N-Glycosylation. EVIDENCE FOR THE FUNCTIONAL IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORTED MANNOSE J. Biol. Chem., September 12, 1997; 272(37): 23123 - 23129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Etchison and H. H. Freeze Enzymatic assay of D-mannose in serum Clin. Chem., March 1, 1997; 43(3): 533 - 538. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Panneerselvam and H. H. Freeze Mannose Enters Mammalian Cells Using a Specific Transporter That Is Insensitive to Glucose J. Biol. Chem., April 19, 1996; 271(16): 9417 - 9421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]