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Catecholamine Responses to Central Volume Expansion Produced by Head-Out Water Immersion and Saline Infusion^*

Gollapudi G. Krishna, Gabriel M. Danovitch and James R. Sowers

Program in Kidney Diseases and Divisions of Nephrology and Endocrinology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia 23249

Address requests for reprints to James R. Sowers, M.D., Endocrinology Section (HIE), Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia 23249.

To delineate plasma catecholamine responses to central volume expansion, four salt-replete healthy adults were subjected to 4 h of thermoneutral head-out water immersion (WI) and infusion of 2 liters normal saline (SI) over 4 h on two separate occasions. Each study was preceded and followed by a control hour. Both of these maneuvers resulted in significant increases in urinary sodium excretion and suppression of PRA and plasma aldosterone levels. During WI studies, plasma norepinephrine levels fell steadily from a prestudy value of 453 ± 74 pg/ml to a nadir of 254 ± 71 pg/ml (P < 0.05) during the fourth immersion hour. In response to SI, plasma norepinephrine fell steadily from a prestudy level of 328 ± 56 pg/ml to a nadir of 261 ± 47 pg/ml during the fourth hour of infusion. Plasma dopamine levels rose and epinephrine levels were unchanged in response to WI as well as SI. When the mean urinary sodium excretion was plotted against the mean dopamine to norepinephrine ratio, there was a direct relationship in WI studies (r = 0.90) as well as SI studies (r = 0.92). These data suggest that plasma norepinephrine levels fall and plasma dopamine levels rise in response to volume expansion. These data also suggest that relative concentrations of dopamine vs. those of norepinephrine may have a role in mediating natriuresis in response to volume expansion. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 56: 998,1983)

^* This work was supported in part by USPHS DRR CRC Grant RR-00865, USPHS Grant AM-26098 and a Veterans Administration Research Grant.

Fellow at the National Kidney Foundation of Southern California.

Received August 2, 1982.

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