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Plasma Levels of Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol in Women Receiving Oral Contraceptive Steroid Treatment^*

Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas 75235

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Bruce R. Carr, M.D., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75235.

The secretion rate and plasma concentration of the adrenocortical steroid cortisol is modified in subjects treated with estrogenic and/or progestational steroids. The effects of contraceptive steroids on the secretion of ACTH are poorly documented, however. In the current investigation, we found that concentrations of ACTH and cortisol in plasma obtained at 0800-0900 h from a group of women with normal cyclic menses (n = 4) ranged from 78–120 pg/ml and 77–137 ng/ml, respectively. Although significant cyclic changes in the plasma levels of LH, FSH, 17²-estradiol, and progesterone occurred during the ovarian cycle, no obvious cyclic fluctuations in plasma levels of 1 + 80 (1.0 mg norethindrone plus 0.08 mg mestranol), plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, 17β8-estradiol, and progesterone were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than plasma levels of these hormones in normal women during the ovarian cycle. The mean daily plasma concentrations of ACTH were significantly lower(P < 0.001), whereas plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in women treated with oral contraceptive steroids compared to the levels of these hormones in the untreated ovulatory women.

^* This work was supported by USPHS Grants AM-06912 and AG- 00306 from the NIH, Bethesda, MD, and a grant-in-aid from the Dallas Crystal Charity Ball.

Received December 21, 1978.

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